Description
What is Oxidative stress?
A condition characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidants defense system, as a new emerging factor in unexplained infertility.
How does Oxidative stress affect male fertility?
One of the cells that oxidative stress can damage is SPERM CELLS.
Research tells us that oxidative stress significantly impacts male fertility and has harmful effects on sperm including DNA DAMAGE.
Reactive oxygen species can negatively impact sperm cell membranes, which contain high concentration of unsaturated fatty acids. ROS can cause a process called PEROXIDATION OF LIPIDS in which free radicals steal electrons from the lipids in cell membranes, leading to cell damage
What causes Oxidative stress?
• Poor diet and obesity
• Smoking
• Drinking alcohol
• Taking certain medicines
• Exposure to environmental factors such as radiation, toxins, air pollution and pesticides.
What are the signs of Oxidative stress in semen?
Signs of oxidative stress on a semen analysis include,
• Asthenospermia
• Teratospermia
• Oligospermia
• Increase sperm DNA damage on a DNA fragmentation analysis
• High number of round cells, including leukocytes (white blood cells), which could be a sign of infection.
What is Asthenospermis?
“A condition in which sperm have difficulty moving or swimming properly, reducing their ability to reach and fertilize an egg”
<40% sperm motility or less than 32% with progressive motility
What is Teratospermia?
“Teratozpermia is a fertility condition defined by abnormal sperm morphology (shape and structure).
According to World Health Organization (WHO) normal sperm morphology ranges between 4% and 14% of a male’s sperm count”
What is Oligospermia?
“Oligozoospermia is defined as decreased numbers of sperm in the ejaculate < 15 million sperm/ml” which is further subdivided depending on the number of sperm
1. Mild (10–15 million sperm/mL),
2. Moderate (5–10 million sperm/mL),
3. Severe (< 5 million sperm/mL)
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